Introduction to Networking

First and foremost, the idea of networking is actually as old as telecommunication where this can actually become evident through the times of the stone age. Want to see an example? 

Here's a situation:

Caveman A wants to invite Caveman B over a game of hurling rocks at each other, but they live too far from each other. In this case, in terms of communication, it is difficult for two of these cavemen to contact each other as during these days, communication was not in an advanced state, unlike this era. So, in your point of view, what are the options that could be taken in order to communicate with each other?

Well, some of it are:

1. Caveman A to walk over at Caveman B's place.
2. Get a bigger drum so that Caveman B would be able to hear.
3. Ask Caveman C, who lives halfway between them to forward the message. 

So, as you readers can see, back in the olden days, communication was considered very difficult. However, for us nowadays, everything has become so easy for us especially in terms of networking. ^^

NETWORK : A collection of connected intelligent computing device or between two computers by direct cabling which is the basic network.

NETWORKING : The practice of linking two or more computing device together for the purpose of sharing data.

Basic Network : Connected by a cable to allow exchange of data. 

Next, I am going to introduce to you readers four new terms which are LAN (Local Area Network), WAN (Wide Area Network), MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) and last but not least, PAN (Personal Area Network). 

LAN or Local Area Network is actually confined to a relatively small area and are generally limited to a geographic area such as labs, schools and buildings.

WAN or Wide Area Network, on the other hand, connects to larger geographic areas such as Johor Bahru, Malaysia and also the World. This is actually more complicated if it is compared to LAN. Adding on, this type uses multiplexing in order to connect the local and metropolitan networks which is via hybrid network.

MAN or Metropolitan Area Network is a network that links user with computer contrivance in a geographic zone or region larger than LAN but smaller than WAN.

PAN or Personal Area Network is the join of information technology devices in the range of one single person, usually within the range of 10 meters. This particular type of network applies some pattern of wireless technology. WiMax, 3G and wireless broadband are examples of PAN.  

NETWORK ELECTRONIC DEVICES

BRIDGE: A bridge device filters data traffic at a network boundary. It reduces the amount of traffic on a LAN by dividing it into two segments.

Routers: A device that forwards data packets between computer networks, creating an overlay internet work. A router is connected to two or more data lines from distinctive networks.

HUBS: A device for connecting multiple Ethernet devices together and making them act as a single network segment.

GATEWAYS: A gateway is a network point that acts as an entrance to another network.

In today's lecture, I think there were many new and different terms regarding network and telecommunication that was exposed to us. By posting into this blog, it could actually help me to understand thoroughly about the topic because I could search and discover myself a deeper meaning and explanation about this particular topic. 

Hope you readers enjoy reading this post. Till then! ^^ 

Reflection Number Two

Assalamualaikum and hello hello there my dear readers! 


This is the second entry and i hope you readers are looking forward to read it as more and more new knowledge would be spread out through this particular site. As for this entry, we are moving on to the second lecture of this subject which was on the topic of DATA COMMUNICATION.


As we all know in the means of data communication, it involves mostly the use of computers, no matter where and how it is used. Computers are now made useful in every single ways and paths of life. Below we can see that computers are used in various places.

The children in schools uses computer 

Not to forget, even in universities ^^

All of this is due to the need in the process of transferring files from one computer to another in order to access a variety of information. In other words, for you, readers', information, this is also known as a mechanism of exchanging data. 


Let's move deeper into this topic and we will discover what it means by data communication. Basically, after the lecture, what I discovered was that data communication is defined as the collection and distribution of the electronic representation of information from and to remote facilities by means of electrical transmission system. For example, the electrical transmission can be through telephone lines, satellites and also coaxial cable. Have you guys ever heard of something called RAW DATA/INFORMATION? Well, when I saw this word, it somehow came to my mind that I've heard of it somewhere and at sometime in my life which I don't remember. For your information, this term actually means the information that could appear in a variety of formats. For instance, data, text, graphics, voice and still pictures and these formats must be digitized.

TYPES OF SIGNALS

From what I've learnt in the lecture, there are two types of signals that are needed to be converted from one to another which are Analogue Signal and Digital Signal.

You see the difference between the two waves? ^^

ANALOGUE SIGNAL	DIGITAL SIGNAL
-An example: Human voice -Analogue signal or wave is formed by continuously varying voltage levels that create a wave that can be grasped by an analogue transmitter like a microphone.	-Digital signal is a transmission of binary electrical or light pulses that only have two possible states which are 0 and 1. -0 and 1 are the language of computers.

Note: The process of changing the analogue signal to a digital signal is known as MODULATION.

          The process of changing digital signal to an analogue signal is called DEMODULATION.

BINARY DIGITAL

Alright readers, let's move on to a small partial of this topic where it is regarding the binary digit or we also call it bit. Do you guys want to know something? This thing that you call bit are actually the basic or the smallest unit of measurement in a digital wave. Data capacity, does this term ring the bell? Here's a little info for you readers to have a quick glimpse at, the bit or also known as data capacity.

8 BIT = 1 BYTE

1000 BYTE = 1 KILOBYTE

1000 KILOBYTE = 1 MEGABYTE

1000 MEGABYTE = 1 GIGABYTE

1000 GIGABYTE = 1 TERABYTE

DATA TRANSMISSION MODE

Did it ever cross your mind on things about the transmission of data and how many ways it moves? I suppose not everybody is aware of this matter, so was I before I learnt this. Well, if you readers want to know, there are generally two patterns of data transmission that was taught by Dr Dayang, my lecturer. Firstly, it's parallel transmission where the group of bits as mentioned on top is transferred simultaneously by using a separate line for each and every bits. The second transmission mode is serial. In this case, the bits are transmitted one after the other on a single line and this is slower compared to the parallel transmission. 

Moving on, synchronous and asynchronous are the ways of transmission for the serial pattern. I will only write on how the asynchronous transmission works as this is the one that mostly catches my interests. Unfortunately, I know that dragging the explanation would make this so dull so tadaaaaaa! I provide you readers with some pictures, so give it a sight okay! ^^

Skype! It's one example that undergoes asynchronous transmission.

Not leaving out this- Video Conference. :)

DATA FLOW

Simplex, half-duplex and full duplex, these are the three distinctive operations that takes place during a data flow which happens between two pieces of equipment. 

Simplex: Data is transmitted in one direction only.

Half-duplex: The message can flow in two directions but never at the same time.

Full-duplex: Both station can transmit and receive the information simultaneously.

Walkie Talkie- An example of half-duplex.

Radio experiences simplex operation

Hope you readers have enjoyed reading and scrolling through this page as to add up to your buckets of knowledge. As for me, I am really looking forward to my next lecture and share with others the input that I have gained. Till then, happy reading folks! ^^ 

The Start of Telecommunication

Hello there readers! First and foremost, personally, I have one thought towards anything that is related to computers, networking and anything similar with it. But, what ever the thought of mine may be, with this one subject I am taking which is Telecommunication and Networking, I put high hopes on it so that it would change my perceptions towards a better one. 

Let's begin with something far more interesting than just a thought of mine. Here we go! ^^

INTRODUCTION TO TELECOMMUNICATION

Basically, we would actually want to find out what telecommunication is all about. Of course it holds its own terms and definition but by looking at its long spelling and all, it seems like such a difficult vocabulary. 

JJANG! Surprise..surprise! it's not as complicated as I expected it would turn out to be. Well, let me lead you readers to a simple equation of telecommunication.

Tele = far off

Communication = To convey or exchange thoughts between two parties where it has meanings to it.

Therefore, 

Telecommunication is defined as the interaction between two parties which are the sender and the receiver in order to deliver messages from a far away distance. 

This is the first topic that we learned in this lecture and this is what I understood during the lesson. Why don't we go deeper in this topic so that you readers could actually get a clearer visual of this. ^^ 

From what I comprehended throughout the lesson, in the means of telecommunication, there should be a presence of a channel where it holds the role of the medium to assist the process of communication. Other than that, there is usually a device or two that acts as the transmitter that also contributes to a success in a communication. However, as the telecommunication works out, at times there would also be an interference known as the noise source and it could appear in distinctive patterns. These are the examples of medium or devices that take part in the process of telecommunication:

The most popular of today's technology

Satellite

Let's move on to the next part, shall we? >.< 

Have you ever wondered what are the important elements of computer and communication. Are you readers thinking what I am thinking? May be yes, may be know. Apparently, computer and communication are closely related as it somehow shares the same elements which consists of six things. 

PEOPLE - PROCEDURE - DATA - HARDWARE - SOFTWARE - COMMUNICATION 

People: Professionals & End users

Hardware

Examples of software

Giving long elaborations would make you bored, right? So I'll just highlight and summarize the important facts regarding this. For the readers information, people are the major and the most crucial elements amongst the others as it builds, analysis as well as develop the whole system. As we all know, people are the ones that operates the computer and also the process of communication. Generally, there are two categories of people which are professionals and also end users. The other elements are also important as each and every one of them definitely contributes a large sum to the path of the usage of computer and communication. 

BEFORE CLOSING THE CURTAIN

Sure you readers will have different expressions reading this! haha ^^

Save the best at the end and let me introduce you to my lecturer for this subject. Her beautiful and unique name is Dr. Dayang Hjh Tiawa Awang Hj. Hamid. I love her class, seriously, and i wish that I would eventually love the subject too. The way she teaches catches the heart of the students, I suppose, with her cute acts and great way of teaching and I bet all my other classmates agree with me. So far, I have not encountered any problems yet and hopefully it continues to be that way as the day goes by. With this assignment to create our own blog, it actually helps to increase our knowledge and skills in different things.With that, this is all for my post. 

Enjoy reading my lovely readers! <3